Thinking Activity : Paradise Lost

Hello Readers !
      Welcome to my blog.

Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English poet John Milton (1608-1674). The first version, published in 1667, consists of ten books with over ten thousand line of verse. A second edition followed in 1674, arranged into twelve books with minor revisions throughout. It is considered by critics to be Milton's major work, and it helped solidify his reputation as one of the greatest English poets of his time.
                         

 ChARACTERS IN PARADISE  LOST :-

                     •Satan
                     •Sin
                    • Death
                    • Adam
                    • Eve
                    • The Son of God
                    •Michael
                    •Raphael

 Questions-(1)  what is your understanding of human perspective and divine perspective ?

 • The poem concerns the Bible story of the Fall of Man : The temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen Angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton's purpose, stated in Book I, is to  "justify the ways of God to men".

Paradise Lost is about Adam and Eve how they came to be created and how they came to lose their place in the Garden of Eden, also called  Paradise.
                     

"And the Lord God commanded the man (and woman) ,saying, " Of every tree of the garden you may freely eat; but of the free of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die ".Adam and Eve as flat, and voiceless not freedom all.They don't have any emotion or feeling or voice.

         

# The meaning of Human perspective :-
   • Intereste in Humanism
   • Human was at the center of Universe
   • Human centric world.


# The meaning of Divine perspective :-
    •  Blind faith in God
    • No space for reasons and thoughts
    •God centric world.

# Comparison of " Genesis" and "Paradise Lost "
      •Genesis is at the center
      • God is the reason for Fall
      • The role of Adam and Eve is to follow the given instructions by God.

   # Humanism has replaced God
     • Disobedience resulted in Panishment
     • God was partial towards Eve
     • Importance of God
     • The justice of God
     • As per human perspective it was not a Fall of Man but a Fall of God from his place of divinity.Click her

Question:-(2)  How do your read the character of Eve as transgressed and yet defendable ?


    " When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he are it.

• Eve intention to taste the fruit was to gain 'knowledge', to be equal to Adam, to know good and evil as God seems to know it all, to be superior to Adam 'for, to be inferior, who is free'? She wanted to be 'free'. She wanted to exercise her free will and reason which is gifted by God. With this clarity in mind, she does what she does. She is human being and thus, acts like human being. Milton is a poet. The poet stands in favour of humans rather than God. Unknowingly, perhaps, Milton redeems Eve by giving her intentions which are quite noble and unproblematic  Eve was tempted by the devil; she valued her rationing and feelings over God..and she sinned.

  Adam was not received like Eve was; he valued his feelings towards her over God..and he sinned.
    • After eating fruit of knowledge fruit of knowledge.They recognize their sin.
    • God panished Eve.
    •The seeds of patriarchy are in punishment of God.

Paradise Lost

   •Human act is at the center

   • Wish to 'gain' knowledge

   • Adam's Love for Eve is presented as human emotion

   • Satan is also a representations of human emotions like revenge, envy and ambition

Thinking Activity : Wordsworth and Coleridge

Hello Readers !

  Welcome to my blog.

          Here my intend to write this  blog as a task given by DilipBarad sir .

Question:- 1 write brief note on the views of Wordsworth and Coleridge on Poem.

#William Wordsworth:-
                                     

Born : 7 April 1770,Cockermouth, United Kingdom

Died : 23 April 1850, Rydal Mount, United Kingdom.                                                         Education: Hawkshead Grammar School, University of Cambridge.

        William Wordsworth was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads.

#Wordsworth's poetry :-

Style :~The language of common men purified by the poet.

Main interest :~ Relationship between man and nature; imagination as a means of knowledge.

Language:~ Simple words in daily language.

Subject matter :~ Nature and humble people.

Function of poetry :~ Unexpected splendor to familiar things.

Poetry definitions :~ Overflow of powerful feelings.


# what is poetry according to Wordsworth :-
   
       Wordsworth defines poetry as the spontaneous overflow of the powerful feelings. It is the poet's business to embody in their poetry the general passions of men.


#Samule Taylor Coleridge :-
                         

                                        
                       
Born: 21 October 1772, Ottery Saint Mary.United Kingdom
Died : 25 July 1834, Highgate, London, United Kingdom
Education : Christ's Hospital, University of Cambridge.

             Samule Taylor Coleridge was an English poet, literary Critic, philosopher and theologian who, with his friend William Wordsworth, was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England and a member of the Lake poets .He also shared volumes and collaborated with Charles Lamb, Robert Southey, and Charles Lloyd.

#Coleridge's view of the poem :-

        • Coleridge's view of poetry is organic, not mechanical .

        •Real poetry is the union of the heart and heart and can never be measured by yardsticks.

       •Coleridge gives the definition of a poem that a poem is that species of composition.

       •It is opposed to work of science by proposing for it's immediate object pleasure, not truth.


Content:~ Supematural characters
Aim:~ To give them a semblance of truth
Style :~ Archaic language rich in sound devices
Main interest :~ The creative Power of imagination.

# what is poetry according to Coleridge 

       Poetry, according to Coleridge, is the product of imagination working on the objects of life and nature. It is an activity of imagination, idealizing the real and realising the idea. As colours are to the art of painting, words are to, the art of writing poetry.



Question:- 2   Analyze 2 Poems with reference to Wordsworth and Coleridge's views.

# "London" with reference  to view points of Wordsworth
                                                           
        “London, 1802” by William Wordsworth is a poem begging John Milton, who died in 1674, to come back to life. It was first published in “Poems, in Two Volumes” in 1807. 

Analiysis :- " London  1802" - This is the reference to place and time Wordsworth is reference to. He also makes us look at the date to realize that it was written 128 years after Milton's death.
https://www.slideserve.com/farrah/london-1802-written-by-william-wordsworth


#  "THE RIME OF THE ANCIENT MARINER ANALYSIS " : with the reference to a view point of Coleridge :-

                                                                                                                                                        

https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/karishmamdhiman/the-rime-of-the-ancient-mariner-part-4

        

Shitala saatam and other festival in August

 Hello Reader !

Here is the blog about Shitala saatam. Which is my task given by Dilip Barad sir.

# Shitala saatam:-

શીતલા સાતમ ગુજરાતી Calendar માં મહત્વપૂર્ણ દિવસ છે. તે દેવી શીતલાને સમર્પિત છે . એવું માનવામાં આવે છે કે દેવી શીતલા તેના ભક્તો અને તેમના પરિવારોને ઓરી અને ચિકનપોક્સથી સુરક્ષિત કરે છે. આથી, ગુજરાતમાં કુટુંબીઓ શિતળા સાતમની વિધિ માટે, શીતલા દેવીના આશીર્વાદ મેળવવા માટે.

શીતળા સાતમના દિવસે પાલન કરવામાં આવતી સૌથી નોંધપાત્ર ધાર્મિક વિધિ એ છે કે કુટુંબમાં કોઈ તાજુ ભોજન રાંધવામાં આવતું નથી. શીતળા સાતમના દિવસે જે ખોરાક લેવાય છે તે ઠંડુ અને વાસી હોવું જોઈએ. તેથી મોટાભાગના ગુજરાતી પરિવારો ગતરોજ વિશેષ ભોજન તૈયાર કરે છે જે રંધન છથ તરીકે પ્રખ્યાત છે .

શીતલા સાતમની વિભાવના બસોદા અને શીતલા અષ્ટમીની જેમ જ છે, જે ઉત્તર ભારતના રાજ્યોમાં હોળી પછી જ જોવા મળે છે . શીતલા સાતમ અને શીતલા સાતમ અને સીતલા સાતમ તરીકે જોડણી પણ કરવામાં આવી છે.

# Shitla satam Cold food :-

In some regions of Gujarat Shitla Satam is celebrated on sud satam, while in remaining regions it is on vad satam of Gujarati month of sravan. People specially women's of the family worship goddess Shitla and pray for good health of her family. They eat food made (generally vadas) on previous day, as called cold food

मान्यता अनुसार इस व्रत को करनेसे शीतला देवी प्रसन्‍न होती हैं और व्रती के कुल में दाहज्वर, पीतज्वर, विस्फोटक, दुर्गन्धयुक्त फोडे, नेत्रों के समस्त रोग, शीतलाकी फुंसियों के चिन्ह तथा शीतलाजनित दोष दूर हो जाते हैं।^[1]

Festival Of India

Indian festivals speak of India's rich cultural and traditional background. The colorful festivals are an integral part of every Indians.The rich cultural heritage of India attracts the Western world during the celebration of important festivals like Diwali, Holi, Durga Puja and many more. Every region celebrates their festival according to their regional customs and rituals.





# Smallpox disease :-

શીતળા એ પ્રથમ રોગ હતો જે લોકોએ જાતે કરીને અન્ય પ્રકારના ચેપોથી પોતાને ઇનોક્યુલેટ કરીને નિવારવાનો પ્રયત્ન કર્યો હતો; શીતળાનું ઇનોકયુલેશન ભારત માં તેમજ અન્ય દેશો માં વર્ષો થી થતું પરંતુ તેને સામુહિક સ્વીકાર ના હતો. લોકો આ બીમારી થઈ ડરી ને તેને દેવી તરીકે પૂજા અર્ચના કરતા, મંદિરો બનાવતા અને તે દેવી ને ખુશ કરવા ચુલ્હા ઓ ઠંડા રાખતા. આ બધું હજુ પણ પરંપરા ના ભાગરૂપે કરવામાં આવે છે.

આમ, વિજ્ઞાનમાં  જોઇએ  તો   આ એક રોગ છે. આ રોગની  રસી શોધી .જેનુ નામ  એડવડ જેનર હતુ.  

August : Pariostism and Religious fervour

 Hello readers !

                Here on my blog.This task given by Dr. Dilip Barad sir.

                                 

                     
              In  the month of August many regional  festival wiil be celebrated in the country. The  famous  festival season gets underway in August in India. Here's the pick of popular and traditional festivals in India to enjoy this month. In August month there are festival like Raksha Bandhan,  Janmashtami, Independence Day, Ganesh Chaturthi, Nag panchmi etc.


                                                

           India is known world-wide for its rich culture, ancient traditions and colorful festivities. This is the thing which not only makes India unique but also attracts a lot of admirers from places across all over the globe.

           Independence coincided  with  the partition of India, in which the British India was divided along religious lines into the Dominions ofIndia and Pakistan; the partition was accompanied by violent riots and mass casualties, and the displacement of nearly 15 million people due to religious violence. On 15 August 1947, the first Prime Minister of India,Jawaharlal Nehru raised the Indian national flag above the Lahori Gate of the Red Fort in Delhi. On each subsequent Independence Day, the incumbent Prime Minister customarily raises the flag and gives an address to the nation.



    # 1. In Defence of Freedom :-

   * NandiDas :-
   

                             

                 Nandita Das is an Indian actress and director. She has acted in more than 40 feature film in ten different language.Das has been acclaimed for numerous perfomance, including in Fire, Earth, Bawandar, Kannathi Muthamittal, Azhagi,Kamli, and Before The Rains.


       *  A Film by NanditaDas:-

           
          Nandita Das debuted her short film on writer Saadat Hasan Manto,titled in Defence  Of Freedom, on Day 2 of the  India Today Conclave 2017. Nawazuddin  Siddiqui, who plays the role of Manto in  the film, was also present at the India Today Conclave.


  #   Director Ram Madhvani on his short film This Bloody Line that explores the  twilight years of Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who Partitioned India.

      
         Ram Mandhvani is an Indian film director known for his work in Hindi cinema and television advertising. In recognition of his contributions to advertising Ram was honoured with the Teachers Achievement Award.
                                   


           As India and Pakistan hurtler towards the 70th year of their Independence, they also mark the anniversary of Patition - an event so saturated in blood and  madness, an abyss vast and dark that has never been bridged. While the stories of the hardship, heartache and optimism of the extraordinary generation that survived it have been written, filmed and kept alive through oral history projects, little or nothing is known  of Sir Cyril Radcliffe, the Englishman whose pen sundered a subcontinent.He submitted the partition map on  9th August 1947. 
                                                                  

                               
               The new separate nation declared on14th August   1947 - the independence day of Pakistan and 15th   August-The independence day day of India.Million of   people flee across the border when they discover the new boundaries left them in the wrong country. The million of   people were injured and died. 

भगवत रावत की लंबी कविता : देश एक राग है

छब्बीस जनवरी के अवसर पर भाषासेतु के विशेष अनुरोध पर              वरिष्ट कवि भगवत रावत ने अपनी यह       कविता हमारे लिए प्रकाशनार्थ उपलब्ध          कराई। भाषासेतु की तरफ से उनका आभार।    भगवत जी फिलहाल भोपाल में रहते हैं। हाल    ही में 'सुराजे हिंद' और 'कहते हैं कि दिल्ली        की है कुछ आबोहवा और' नामक लम्बी            कविताएँ विशेष रूप से चर्चित हुई हैं। लम्बी      कविताओं को उन्होंने जिस खूबी के साथ          साधने का दुष्कर कार्य किया है, दर्शनीय है।      उम्मीद है आगे भी हम उनकी कविताएँ            'भाषासेतु' के पाठकों के लिए उपलब्ध कराते      रहेंगे।

                      The popular hindi poem, " देश एक राग है ।"                written by Bhagvat Rawat. In this poem he put the                   description of Country v/s Nation. The Rashtra according to   Rawat, boast of the, 21 gun salute that says " Savadhan " or   beware, Desh is a musical rag that only sings of unity in           diversity.

      

       इस बार छब्बीस जनवरी पर

    मैं देश के नाम सन्देश देना चाहता था
    राष्ट्र के नाम नहीं
    देश के नाम
    जानता हूँ ऐसे सन्देश केवल
   राष्ट्रपति और प्रधानमंत्री समय समय पर देते      रहे हैं
   जो राष्ट्र के नाम प्रसारित किये जाते हैं
   इन संदेशों की कोइ विवशता होगी
   तभी तो उनकी भाषा ऐसी तयशुदा होती है        की
  उनमें कहीं कोई उतार-चढ़ाव नहीं होता
   

The Purpose - T.P. Kailasam

 Hello Readers !


            Welcome to my blog. Here is my answer on ' The Purpose' by T.P. Kailasam task given by Vaidehi ma'am Haryani. T.P. Kailasam, is a short play dramatizig events that occurred in the Mahabharata involving Drona, Arjuna, and Eklavya. Drona is a skilled teacher, renown throughout the land for his wisdom  and skill.  The Purpose play in main hero of Eklavya.

#  T.P. Kailasam:
             
             

               Thanjavur Parmasiva Kailasam (1884 -1946), was a playwright and prominent writer of Kannada literature. His contribution to Kannada theatrical comedy earned him the title Prahasana Prapitamaha, " the father of humorous plays " and later he was also called " Kannadakke Obbane Kailasam " meaning " One and only Kailasam for Kannada ".


            - His full name is Thyagara.

               - Paramasiva Kailasam.

                - Born in 29 July 1884

                -  at Bangalore, India.


                                                                 
      #   His Famous Work:

           ° " Fulfillment "

      

           °  " The Purpose "

    

          ° " The Brahmin's Curse "

           ° " The Burden "

Que :- 1  Compare and contrast Arjuna and Eklavya's character.

      Here we can see the purposr of both the students of learning archery. Arjuna's purpose is to become greatest archer of the world,  while Eklavya's purpose is to save animals of the jungle.

                                           

                                     



                                     

         #   As a Archer

             

         [Arjuna]     • Arjuna's desire of being great archer of the world.

                           • Arjuna says to his Taataaji  Bheeshma : it is my personal  ambition to be the most famous  archer of all time

                           • Arjuna has proved in the Kurukshetra.

         [Eklavya ]  • Eklavya came into the ashram of guru Drona to learn an art of archery and wish to become a great archer.

                           • He save the animal with this art of archery.

  # As a Learner

[Arjuna]   •  Arjuna faced such kind of problems in his training of archery.

                  • Arjuna gives his best in learning.

                  • But though he seems very dull student.

                  •  Guru Drona has very disappointed with his way of learning.

[Eklavya ] • He made a statue of Guru Drona.

                    •  He practice his own way.

                     • The statue of Drona constantly reminded him of the heights he wished to achieve and propelled him to work hard.

# As a Person

[ Arjuna ] • He is a anti - hero.

• He has depicted as selfish, aggressive, not so good student, and not follows the instructions of his guru.

[ Eklavya ] • He is a hero.

                   •His hunger for learning and think foe animles.

                  • He follows his dreams.

# Personal Purpose

 [Arjuna ]  •He has not interestef to save the life of others and help people by his archery but he wants to won every battle.

                      • He wanted to known as the greatest archer in the world.

[Eklavya]  Eklavya's Purpose is to save other life's.


                                       

Que :-2   What is subaltern ? who do you think is the subaltern in this play ? Explain with Examples.

# Meaning of Subaltern

Subaltern means :

   • effeminate

    • desultory

     •junior

     • celibate

  A subaltern is someone with a low ranking in a social, political, or other hierarchy. It can also mean someone who has been marginalized or oppressed.
                                                   

       

           

             In post - colonial studies and in critical theory, the term subaltern designates the colonial populations who are socially, politically, and geographically outside the hierarchy of power of a colony, and of the empire's metropolitan homeland.

  Eklavya is the subaltern of  this play.Who had marginalized by upper calss, prince Arjuna. This thing we find Arjuna's dailogue:

Arjuna disgust in his face and voice:

"Like you ? I do not like you ! I dislike you ! very much !"

(Leering at Eklavya) : " Gurujee...To take you !  A nishaada!!...As fellow pupil of us royal princes ! You must to think of it! ".

Que:-3  Write your views about education system in India with reference to past and present time

 # Past VS present education

The education in the past and present is different in subjects, schools, transportation, and financial support. The education in the paat differs from the education in the present in many aspects. In the past, the education was very simple. There were no universities, schools and teachers.

In the vaedika age thete was no educational system in particular.Generally students would go to the guru's house, at the age of five, and completing their studies by the age of twenty- four, would return home. The reason for not having a solid educational system in the Vaedika age was the incomplete establishment of even monarchism at that time. The gurus would maintain their catuspathiis by begging from the public.The students were in turn maintained by the catuspathiis.
                             

Competition teaches students to unleash their full potential. Indian schools teach basic knowledge in all subjects.The annual system in school years helps slow learners. These days a lot of positive changes are happening in the education system of India.








Que:-4  Is Dronachary an ideal teacher ? If yes, then how ? If No, then why ? Explain with example.
     According to my opinion Dronacharya is a teacher in the play Purpose.The true Guru is beyond words.There is no definition for Guru.Dronacharya not an ideal teacher because all students are equal for teacher.

No, Dronacharya is not as an ideal Guru because Guru is a reflective personality and for guru there is no differences between students. And here Dronachary makes the differences so he is not an ideal guru. Eklavya is lower class person and he wants to learning to dronacharya. But Dronacharya teaching only great king and his son.